DRAINAGE
EXERCISE:
1. Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.
(i) In which of the following states is the Wular lake located?
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Uttara Pradesh
(c) Punjab
(d) Jammu and Kashmir
Answer: - (d) Jammu and Kashmir
(ii) The river Narmada has its source at
(a) Satpura
(b) Brahmagiri
(c) Amarkantak
(d) Slopes of the Western Ghats
Answer: - (c) Amarkantak Which one of the following lakes is a salt water lake?
(a) Sambhar
(b) Dal
(c) Wular
(d) Gobind Sagar
Answer: - (a) Sambhar
(iii) Which one of the following is the longest river of the Peninsular India?
(a) Narmada
(b) Krishna
(c) Godavari
(d) Mahanadi
Answer: - Godavari
(iv) Which one amongst the following rivers flows through a rift valley?
(a) Mahanadi
(b) Tungabhadra
(c) Krishna
(d) Tapi
Answer: - (d) Tapi
2. Answer the following questions briefly.
(i) What is meant by a water divide? Give an example.
Answer: - Any elevated area, such as a mountain or an upland, separates two drainage basins. Such as upland is known as a water divide
(ii) Which is the largest river basin in India?
Answer: - The Ganga basin is the largest river basin India.
(iii) Where do the rivers Indus and Ganga have their origin?
Answer: - The Indus originates in the northern slopes of the Kailash range in Tibet near Lake Manasarovar while the Ganga River has its origin in Gangotri Glacier in Uttaranchal.
(iv) Name the two headstreams of the Ganga. Where do they meet to form the Ganga?
Answer: - The Ganga has twin sources. The main one is the Gangotri glacier where it is called the Bhagirathi. The other is the Satopanth glacier north-west of Badrinath where it is called the Alakananda. The two joins at Devprayag to form the Ganga that emerges from the hills of Haridwar.
(v) Why does the Brahmaputra in its Tibetan part have less silt, despite a longer course?
Answer: - In Tibet, the Brahmaputra River carries a smaller volume of water and less silt as it is a cold and a dry area. In India, it passes through a region of high rainfall. Here the river carries a large volume of water and considerable amount of silt.
(vi) Which two Peninsular rivers flow through trough?
Answer: - The Narmada River and The Tapi River flows towards the west in a rift valley formed due to faulting.
(vii) State some economic benefits of rivers and lakes?
Answer: - Lakes are of great value to human beings. A lake helps to regulate the flow of a river. During heavy rains, it prevents, flooding and during the dry season, it helps to maintain an even flow of water. Lakes can also be used for developing hydel power. Using rivers for irrigation, navigation, hydro-power generation is of special significance – particularly to a country like India, where agriculture is the major source of livelihood of the majority of its population.
Below are given names of a few lakes of India. Group them under two categories – natural and created by human beings
1. Discuss the significant difference between the Himalayas and the Peninsular rivers.
Answer: - The following table difference between the Himalayan and the Peninsular rivers.
1. Compare the east flowing and the west flowing rivers of the Peninsular Plateau.
Answer: - The following table gives a comparison between the east flowing and the west flowing rivers of the Peninsular plateau.
1. Why are rivers important for the country’s economy?
Answers: - The Rivers are highly important for the any country. Rivers have been of fundamental importance throughout the human history.
1. Water from rivers is a basic natural resource, essential for various human activities.
2. The riverbanks have attracted settlers from ancient times. These settlements have now become big cities.
3. Using rivers for irrigation, navigation, hydro-power generation is of special significance – particularly to a country like India, where agriculture is the major source of livelihood of the majority of its population.
4. The rivers are being harnessed for generating hydro-electric power.
Map Skills
(i) On an outline map of India mark and label the following rivers: Ganga, Sutlej, Damodar, Krishna, Narmada, Tapi, Mahanadi and Brahmaputra.
(ii) On an outline map of India mark and label the following lakes: Chilka, Sambhar, Wular, Pullicat, Kolleru.
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