## NCERT Class 10 Geography
### Chapter 1 – Resources and Development
#### Very Short Answer (1–2 Words)
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**Q1. Everything available in our environment that can be used to satisfy our needs is called?**
**→ Resource**
**Q2. Resources which are found in a region but have not been utilized are called?**
**→ Potential resources**
**Q3. The father of resource conservation in India?**
**→ Dasmann / Schumacher** *(globally: E.F. Schumacher)*
**Q4. "There is enough for everybody's need but not for anybody's greed" — said by?**
**→ Mahatma Gandhi**
**Q5. Resources that can be renewed or reproduced are called?**
**→ Renewable resources**
**Q6. Resources formed over millions of years (like coal, petroleum) are called?**
**→ Non-renewable resources**
**Q7. Resources owned by a community for common use are called?**
**→ Community resources**
**Q8. Resources owned and controlled by the government are called?**
**→ National resources**
**Q9. Resources found within the territorial waters of a nation extend up to how many km in the ocean?**
**→ 200 km**
**Q10. The type of soil found in the Deccan Plateau (ideal for cotton)?**
**→ Black soil**
**Q11. The type of soil found in the river plains (most fertile)?**
**→ Alluvial soil**
**Q12. The process of soil formation is called?**
**→ Pedogenesis**
**Q13. Removal of topsoil by wind or water is called?**
**→ Soil erosion**
**Q14. Land degradation caused by over-irrigation leading to salt deposits is?**
**→ Waterlogging / Salinisation**
**Q15. The type of erosion that creates ravines and badlands?**
**→ Gully erosion**
**Q16. Red soil gets its colour due to?**
**→ Iron oxide**
**Q17. The agenda for sustainable development in the 21st century adopted at Rio Summit (1992)?**
**→ Agenda 21**
**Q18. Using resources carefully and giving them time to get renewed is called?**
**→ Resource conservation**
**Q19. Total geographical area of India?**
**→ 3.28 million sq km**
**Q20. Land under permanent pastures and grazing in India is?**
**→ Decreasing**
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